
Tolerance & GD&T
Flatness and Parallelism on CNC-Machined Mating Faces
Flatness and parallelism are often placed together on CNC drawings, but they control different relationships. Flatness controls one surface independently of a datum. Parallelism orients a surface relative to a datum. Neither automatically controls thickness, surface texture, sealing performance, free-state distortion, or the behavior of an assembly under bolt load.